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Esther (3:12, 8:9 and 9:3), Ezra (8:36) Daniel (3:2,3:3,3:27,6:1,6:2,6:3).

http://www.cais-soas.com - The Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies Copyright © 1998~ CAIS

The Achaemenids were named after their founder Achaemenes (Hakhâmaniš). Achaemenid Persia (550 – 330 BC.)

Cyrus the Great of the Pasargadae tribe was buried in this city.

For more information regarding Daniel : http://bible.cc/daniel/6-1.htm

The talent and mina were measures of weight. Twenty sigloi were required to purchase one gold daric.

This symbol also appears in Achaemenid Cilicia coinage of the fourth century B.C. bearing what has been interpreted as a “Persian dynastic monogram”. It later appears in Roman times as a countermark. One 217 A.D. example is from the Hadrianothera mint, Mysia, an issue of Caracalla.

Wage rates: www.tulane.edu/~august/H310/handouts/Military_d.htm

Satrap Rulers of Caria:
Hekatomnos 391-377
Mausolos 377-353
Artemisia 353-351
Idrieus 351-344
Ada 344-340 first reign
Pixodarou 340-334
Ada 334-326 ? second reign

Donald Lee Lenzen. See Biblio.

For more information on weights and measures: http://www.tulane.edu/~august/H310/handouts/Coinage.htm http://www.celticnz.co.nz/Weights_Measures_Volumes/Weights_Measures.htm

http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artObjectDetails?artobj=112334

In the 12th century B.C. the Assyrian empire passed across the Euphrates thus a majority of its population spoke Aramaic.

The Hurrian language possesses no known connections as far as we know today. http://www.friesian.com/notes/oldking.htm

The Yervand (Orontes in Greek) were the first known Armenian dynasty — 6th c. B.C.

Himalayas of northern Pakistan. http://www.livius.org/he-hg/herodotus/hist06.htm

Known satraps of Lydia:
Tabalos (546 - 545)
Mazares (545 - ca. 544)
Harpagos (ca. 544 - ?)
Oroetus (before 530 - ca. 520)
Bagaeus (ca. 520 - ?_ Otanes (517)
Artaphernes I (513 - 492)
Artaphernes II (492 - after 480)
Pissuthnes (before 440 - 415)
Tissaphernes (ca. 415 - 408)
Cyrus the Younger (408 - 401)
Tissaphernes (400 - 395)
Tithraustes (395 - ?)
Tiribazus Struthas Autophradates (c.365)
Spithridates (? - until 334)

http://www.wildwinds.com/coins/greece/mysia/lampsakos/

It is believed this extremeley rare gold coin was issued to pay Athenian mercenairies. At the time of this writing there exists only six recorded examples some placed in museums.

http://www.forumancientcoins.com/moonmoth/firealtar_coins.html
http://quadrigaancients.com/persis/persis.html

Metropolitan Museum New York from a Necklace with the head of the Egyptian god Bes, Achaemenid; 6th–4th century B.C. Iran. Dodge Fund, 1965 This god was also worshipped in Cyprus, Phoenicia and Cilicia. The latter issued “Bes” coins in the fourth century B.C.
b) Winged figure: A tiny portion of a seal of the Metropolitan Museum of New York

Since the Triskelis site came about Professor Craig Melchert has compiled a Dictionary of the Lycian Language, a pre-Hittite Indo-European tongue considered Luwian in origin.

Pharnabazos kithara coin type may be seen at : http://www.snible.org/coins/hn/mysia.html (go to satrapial coins fig. 301)

To see a chart providing annual tribute rates under Babylonian and Attic weights : http://homeport.tcs.tulane.edu/~august/H310/handouts/Coinage.htm

Cambyses II had defeated Psamtik (Psammetichus III), pharaoh of the Twenty-Sixth Dynasty. This Achaemenid victory brought Egypt under its control. Persia’s kings became Egypt’s Twenty-Seventh and Thirty-First Dynasty pharaohs

For a rendering of this satrap’s life: http://bvio.com/index.php/Megabyzus

Persian Guard. Iran, Audience Hall (Apadana) at Persepolis. Reign of Xerxes (486–464 B.C.E.) Brooklyn Museum, Gift of the Kevorkian Foundation in memory of Hagop Kevorkian, 65.195 Copyright © 2004–2007 the Brooklyn Museum http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/exhibitions/assyrian_reliefs/

Pharnaka/Farnaka also written Pharnaces by the Greeks was the name of an uncle of Darius I.

 
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